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Know More About Isotopes :

Explore the Atomic Frontier

Isotope Symbol Protons Neutrons Electrons Atomic Number (Z) Mass Number (A) Half-life Description/Uses
Curium-244 244Cm 96 148 96 96 244 18.1 years Used in RTGs
Carbon-14 14C 6 8 6 6 14 5,730 years Radiocarbon dating
Uranium-235 235U 92 143 92 92 235 700 million years Nuclear reactors, weapons
Hydrogen-1 (Protium) 1H 1 0 1 1 1 Stable Chemical processes
Deuterium (Hydrogen-2) 2H 1 1 1 1 2 Stable NMR, fusion research
Tritium (Hydrogen-3) 3H 1 2 1 1 3 12.32 years Self-luminous paints, fusion
Oxygen-16 16O 8 8 8 8 16 Stable Essential for life
Helium-4 4He 2 2 2 2 4 Stable Cryogenics, MRI
Potassium-40 40K 19 21 19 19 40 1.25 billion years Potassium-argon dating
Thorium-232 232Th 90 142 90 90 232 14.05 billion years Nuclear fuel cycle
Nitrogen-14 14N 7 7 7 7 14 Stable Biological molecules
Neon-20 20Ne 10 10 10 10 20 Stable Lighting, cryogenics
Magnesium-24 24Mg 12 12 12 12 24 Stable Biological processes
Silicon-28 28Si 14 14 14 14 28 Stable Sand, glass, semiconductors
Phosphorus-31 31P 15 16 15 15 31 Stable DNA, ATP
Sulfur-32 32S 16 16 16 16 32 Stable Proteins
Chlorine-35 35Cl 17 18 17 17 35 Stable Disinfectants
Argon-40 40Ar 18 22 18 18 40 Stable Dating rocks
Calcium-40 40Ca 20 20 20 20 40 Stable Bones, teeth
Iron-56 56Fe 26 30 26 26 56 Stable Hemoglobin
Cobalt-60 60Co 27 33 27 27 60 5.26 years Radiation therapy
Nickel-58 58Ni 28 30 28 28 58 Stable Alloys
Zinc-64 64Zn 30 34 30 30 64 Stable Enzymes, immune function
Iodine-131 131I 53 78 53 53 131 8.02 days Thyroid treatment
Cesium-137 137Cs 55 82 55 55 137 30.17 years Calibration, radioactive fallout
Lead-208 208Pb 82 126 82 82 208 Stable Batteries, radiation shielding
Radon-222 222Rn 86 136 86 86 222 3.82 days Health hazard
Plutonium-239 239Pu 94 145 94 94 239 24,100 years Nuclear weapons
Strontium-90 90Sr 38 52 38 38 90 28.8 years Radioactive fallout, bone risk
Technetium-99m 99mTc 43 56 43 43 99 6.01 hours Medical imaging
Beryllium-10 10Be 4 6 4 4 10 1.39 million years Dating sediments, ice cores
Aluminum-26 26Al 13 13 13 13 26 717,000 years Dating meteorites
Chlorine-37 37Cl 17 20 17 17 37 Stable Chemical processes
Rubidium-87 87Rb 37 50 37 37 87 49.4 billion years Rubidium-strontium dating
Samarium-147 147Sm 62 85 62 62 147 106 billion years Samarium-neodymium dating
Uranium-238 238U 92 146 92 92 238 4.51 billion years Nuclear fuel cycle
Bismuth-209 209Bi 83 126 83 83 209 19 quintillion years (practically stable) Considered stable for most purposes
Americium-241 241Am 95 146 95 95 241 432.7 years Smoke detectors, industrial gauges
Boron-10 10B 5 5 5 5 10 Stable Neutron capture therapy, nuclear reactors
Fluorine-19 19F 9 10 9 9 19 Stable Chemical processes
Sodium-23 23Na 11 12 11 11 23 Stable Essential electrolyte

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